Scientists feed anonymised patient history, lab tests and the doctors’ observations to ChatGPT, asking it to provide five possible diagnoses.
While chatbot is potentially able to speed up diagnosis, it cannot replace human medical judgement and experience.
Scientists examined 30 cases treated in an emergency service in the Netherlands in 2022, feeding in anonymised patient history, lab tests and the doctors’ own observations to ChatGPT, asking it to provide five possible diagnoses. “Simply put, this indicates that ChatGPT was able to suggest medical diagnoses much like a human doctor would,” said Hidde ten Berg, from the emergency medicine department at the Netherlands’ Jeroen Bosch Hospital.
Large language models such as ChatGPT are not designed as medical devices, he stressed, and there would also be privacy concerns about feeding confidential and sensitive medical data into a chatbot.The chatbot’s reasoning was “at times medically implausible or inconsistent, which can lead to misinformation or incorrect diagnosis, with significant implications,” the report noted.
Sometimes the chatbot did not provide the correct diagnosis in its top five possibilities, Kurstjens explained, notably in the case of an abdominal aneurysm, a potentially life-threatening complication where the aorta artery swells up.The report sets out what it calls the medical “bloopers” the chatbot made, for example diagnosing anaemia in a patient with a normal haemoglobin count.
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