A pilot study is set to test the four-day workweek in Germany. Advocates are aiming for increased productivity and gender equality. However, the long-term effects remain unexplored. Meanwhile, the trade union IG Metall is backing away from its demand for shorter weekly working hours for the 2024 collective bargaining negotiations.
Four-day workweek: Debate gains momentum.The debate over a four-day workweek is gaining traction in Germany. Following pilot projects in the UK, the personnel consulting firm Intraprenör is now seeking German companies willing to test this work hour model for six months. Just last week, IG Metall, a major German trade union, proposed a four-day workweek with full pay for steelworkers.
Since the industrial revolution, working hours in Germany have steadily decreased. According to the Federal Statistical Office , Germans worked an average of 72 hours per week in 1871. In 2022, it was down to just 40 hours per week for full-time employees. Concurrently, productivity has steadily increased over the decades, although the growth has been slower in recent years.
To alleviate the shortage of skilled workers, labor market policymakers in Germany frequently stress the need to tap into the reserve of part-time workers. Immigration alone will not cover the demand for labor. Reduced weekly working hours with full wage compensation would be a relief for parents in particular. If all women with children under six were able to work as much as they wanted, there would be 840,000 more workers, according to Federal Family Minister Lisa Paus.
Doubts also need to be addressed for the manufacturing sector. While the trade union IG Metall is demanding a 32-hour workweek with full pay for steelworkers, union leader Jörg Hofmann recently stated in an interview that the focus in the 2024 wage negotiations for the 3.9 million employees in the metal and electrical industries should be on higher wages, not shorter working hours.
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